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Lineman Skills and Equipment Knowledge

Fundamental Principles of Rigging Technology

Course #: 286016
Duration: 10 hours
What Students Learn: The purpose of this series of study units on rigging is to tell you where and how to stand, to tell you about the basic tools that are available, and to show you how to use the tools to move heavy or awkward objects in a safe and efficient manner. In short, the purpose is to help you understand the basic principles of rigging you'll need in your daily activities on the job.

This first study unit in the rigging series presents an overview of rigging - what it is, what kind of work is involved, who does it - and provides you with a fundamental knowledge of the basic mechanisms used in rigging and of the concepts of mechanical advantage, friction, center of gravity, and weight. Recognizing that the metric system of measurements is widely accepted, we've provided an Appendix which gives metric conversion factors for the English system units used in this text.

When you complete this study unit, you will be able to:

  • Describe the theoretical principles of the seven basic mechanisms - inclined plane, wedge, screw, lever, wheel and axle, pulley, and hydraulic ram.
  • Solve basic mechanism problems using the concepts of mechanical advantage.
  • Solve basic mechanism problems using the concepts of friction loss.
  • Calculate the weights of geometric solids.
  • Determine the center of gravity of simple plane and solid shapes.

    Introduction To Rigging; Basic Mechanisms Used In Rigging; Weight And Center Of Gravity.

    Special Notes:
  • This updated course replaces course 5030A.
  • The entire course consists of study units 286016, 286017, 286018, 286019, 286020 and 286021.

  • Planning the Rigging Operation

    Course #: 286017
    Duration: 10 hours
    What Students Learn: Equalizing and Distributing Loads; Reasons for and Examples of Load Equalization and Distribution: Basic Methods of Equalizing and Distributing Loads; Planning and Executing a Rigging Job; What You Must Know before starting a Sample Rigging Operation; Safety in Rigging; Rigging Hazards; How to Reduce Hazards.

    Special Notes:

  • This updated course replaces course 5030B.
  • The entire course consists of study units 286016, 286017, 286018, 286019, 286020 and 286021.

  • Working with Rigging Tools, Part 1

    Course #: 286018
    Duration: 10 hours
    What Students Learn: In this study unit, you'll study some of the basic tools and pieces of equipment that are used in typical rigging operations. This unit deals with wire and fiber ropes, and chains. In particular, you'll study about the characteristics and requirements of these common rigging and hoisting tools, and about the procedures and precautions required in their use. Also included are inspection methods, rope splicing, and fiber knot tying.

    In the selection of tools and rigging equipment, it pays to obtain quality items. Also, before using any tool or piece of equipment, the rigger is cautioned to become familiar with its operating characteristics and limitations, and the proper handling techniques and required maintenance for the tool. The more complex the tool or piece of equipment, the more certain the rigger should be of its characteristics.

    When you complete this study unit, you'll be able to:

  • Describe and classify the various types of wire rope and discuss the factors which influence wire rope construction.
  • Define the term safety factor and discuss how it relates to safe working load limit.
  • Discuss the factors which need to be considered when inspecting wire rope slings.
  • Identify the various types of end attachments and describe their application in the rigging operation.
  • List the five common types of fiber ropes and discuss their inherent advantages and disadvantages to the rigging operation.
  • Contrast the advantages and disadvantages of chain slings with those of wire rope slings.
  • Discuss the factors which need to be considered when inspecting chain slings.
  • List safety consideration necessary when utilizing wire rope, fiber rope, and chain slings.

    Working with Wire Rope, Fiber Ropes, and Chains; Explains the Proper Handling and Care of these Common Rigging Tools; Details Correct Rope Splicing and End-Attachment Procedures.

    Special Notes:
  • This updated course replaces course 5030C.
  • The entire course consists of study units 286016, 286017, 286018, 286019, 286020 and 286021.

  • Working with Rigging Tools, Part 2

    Course #: 286019
    Duration: 10 hours
    What Students Learn: In this study unit, you'll learn how riggers use simple and complex rigging tools to complete a task. This unit explains how slings, hitches, hoists, and various other types of rigging hardware are sized, selected, inspected, and positioned by riggers as they prepare to lift a load. You'll learn how to combine the reeving hardware you've already learned about into safe, effective reeving systems. You'll be introduced to the types of equipment riggers use to move a load along a floor or roadway and learn how they support these loads. This study unit includes an overview of wood grading and inspecting practices. Many riggers must be able to select wooden supports and other items used during lifting or supporting operations. Finally, the unit ends with an in-depth discussion of ladder and scaffold types and specifications.

    When you complete this study unit, you'll be able to:

  • Identify the various types of slings and recommend where each type can be most effectively utilized for rigging operations.
  • Describe the common types of sling hardware and discuss how they're used in the rigging operation.
  • Demonstrate how to calculate the efficiency of a reeving system.
  • Discuss the use of supporting equipment and demonstrate how to calculate the distribution of pressure.
  • Explain the proper use of levers, side plates, rollers, and other equipment in the horizontal movement of a load.
  • Describe the various types of ladders and scaffolding and discuss how they can be correctly employed.

    Slings And Hitches; Rigging Hardware; Hoists; Reeving; Supporting Equipment; Horizontal Movement Equipment; Knowledge Of Woods Needed By Rigger; Ladders; Scaffolds.

    Special Notes:
  • This updated course replaces course 5030D.
  • The entire course consists of study units 286016, 286017, 286018, 286019, 286020 and 286021.

  • Rigging: Lifting Equipment and Applications, Part 1

    Course #: 286020
    Duration: 10 hours
    What Students Learn: In this study unit, you'll learn about cranes and other types of equipment used for heavy lifts. This study unit isn't intended to make you a knowledgeable equipment operator, because every manufacturer's equipment is different, and specialized training on specific types of equipment is always necessary. Rather, the unit is intended to make you familiar with the range of equipment available in the marketplace and help you understand the benefits and limitations of each category of lifting equipment. Some of the more widely used pieces of equipment are described in additional detail so that you'll know more about their inner workings and operation.

    When you complete this study unit, you'll be able to:

  • Understand the basic principles of crane safety.
  • Identify the more common types of cranes and their components.
  • Identify the drive members for a crawler-type mobile crane.
  • Identify and give the functions of the various parts of a truck-type mobile crane.
  • Know how to use crane rating charts.
  • Select the correct mobile crane attachment for a particular function.
  • Describe a dragline setup and distinguish its parts.
  • Describe in general how to set up a boom.
  • Select a suitable crane if given a set of specific lift conditions and crane capacity rating tables.

    Introduction To Lifting Equipment; Crane Rating Charts; Small Lifting Equipment; Mobile Cranes; Mobile Crane Attachments, Operation And Setup.

    Special Notes:
  • This updated course replaces course 5030E.
  • The entire course consists of study units 286016, 286017, 286018, 286019,
    286020 and 286021.

  • Rigging: Lifting Equipment and Applications, Part 2

    Course #: 286021
    Duration: 10 hours
    What Students Learn: This study unit continues the review of lifting equipment. In Part 1, we focused on small lifting equipment (hoists, aerial work platforms, and lift trucks) and on various types of mobile cranes (crawlers, truck-type, floating cranes).

    In Part 2, we describe the remaining types of equipment, grouped simply as limited travel cranes, derricks, and specialty cranes. We then present a series of case studies that show how some of the lifting equipment we have studied are actually used in the workplace. The emphasis is on particularly challenging or noteworthy lifts. When available, we have also included information on the rigging techniques employed for these lifts.

    After reviewing Lifting Equipment and Applications, Parts 1 and 2, you should have a good general understanding of the range of lifting equipment that you, as a rigger, will encounter at industrial and construction work sites, how this equipment works, and the advantages and limitations of these lifting devices.

    When you complete this study unit, you'll be able to:

  • Describe the various types of limited travel cranes.
  • Distinguish between the functions of derricks in common use.
  • Identify the importance of two types of specialty cranes.
  • Understand why certain cranes were used in various lifting situations.

    Limited Travel Cranes; Derricks; Specialty Cranes; Lifting Equipment Applications; Appendix: Rigging And Lifting Resources.

    Special Notes:
  • This updated course replaces course 5030F.
  • The entire course consists of study units 286016, 286017, 286018, 286019,
    286020 and 286021.

  • The Lineman's and Cableman's Handbook

    Course #: 6070A-I
    Duration: 90 hours
    Course Prerequisites: AC Principles (Block A22); Basic Industrial Math (Block X21);
    What Students Learn: PART 1 (6070A). Elementary Electrical Principles; Electrical Formulas and Calculations; Electric System; Substations; Transmission Circuits; Distribution Circuits; Construction Specifications; Wood-Pole Structures; Aluminum, Concrete, Fiberglass, Steel and Polysil Structures; Locating and Skating Line.
    PART 2 (6070B). Unloading and Hauling Wood Poles; Erecting and Setting Poles; Guying Poles; Insulators.
    PART 3 (6070C). Line Conductors; Distribution Transformers; Lighting and Surge Protection; Fuses.
    PART 4 (6070D). Switches; Voltage Regulators; Transmission Tower Erection; Stringing Line Conductors; Sagging Line Conductors; Joining Line Conductors.
    PART 5 (6070E). Live-Line Maintenance with Hot-Line Tools; Live-Line Maintenance from Insulated Aerial Platforms; Grounding; Protective Grounds.
    PART 6 (6070F). Street Lighting; Underground System; Laying Conduit: Manhole Construction; Pulling Cable; Splicing Cable; Underground Residential Distribution.
    PART 7 (6070G). Tree Trimming; Distribution Transformer Installation; Maintenance of Transmission and Distribution Lines.
    PART 8 (6070H). Electrical Drawing Symbols; Single-Line Diagrams; Schematic Diagrams; Voltage Regulation.
    PART 9 (6070I). Ropes, Knots, Splices, and Gear; Climbing Wood Poles; Protective Equipment; Safety Rules; Resuscitation; Heart-Lung Resuscitation; Pole-Top and Bucket Truck Rescue.

    Principles of AC Circuits

    Course #: 4018A-D
    Duration: 40 hours
    Course Prerequisites: AC Principles (Block A22); Introduction to Algebra, Geometry, and Trigonometry (Block X02);
    What Students Learn: PART 1 (4018A). Generation of Alternating Current; Phasor Representation of Currents and Voltages; Characteristics of Alternating Current; Phase Relations of Currents and Voltages; Reactances, Impedance, and Examples of Their Calculations; Power in Single-Phase AC Circuit; Power Factor; Power Triangle; Waveforms.
    PART 2 (4018B). Graphical Representation of Sine Waves by Phasors; Mathematical Techniques for Addition, Subtraction, and Multiplication of Phasors; Use of Operator j; Series Single-Phase Circuits; Representation of Phasors in Rectangular and Polar Forms and Their Conversion Techniques; Effects of Varying Inductive and Capacitance Reactances; Resonant Circuits; Power in a Series Circuit.
    PART 3 (4018C). Parallel Single-Phasor Circuits; Use of Ohm's Law, Kirchhoff's Laws, and Phasors for Solving Circuit Problems; Conductance, Inductive and Capacitive Susceptances, and Admittance, Frequency Characteristics; Relationship of Currents in RC, RL, and RLC Circuits; Resonant Effects; Solving Combination Single-Phase Circuits such as Equivalent Circuits; Transmission Lines, Aperiodic Circuits, and Power Relationships; Use of Thvenin's Theorem and Loop Current Analysis.
    PART 4 (4018D). Single-Phase and Polyphase AC Circuits; Two-Phase, Four- and Three-Wire Systems; Three-Phase Y- and D-Connected Systems; Balanced Y- and D-Connected Systems; Three- and Four-Wire Y- and D-Connected Systems; Relationship of Voltages, Currents, and Powers; Interconnected Y and D Systems for Balanced and Unbalanced Loads; Conversion of Y or D Systems.

    Special Notes: Covers subject at an advanced, in-depth level.

    DC Machines

    Course #: 4030A-B
    Duration: 20 hours
    Course Prerequisites: DC Motors and Generator Theory (086006); Industrial DC Motors (086051); Introduction to Algebra, Geometry, and Trigonometry (Block X02);
    What Students Learn: PART 1 (4030A). Operation Principles of DC Generators and Motors; Voltage Generators; Motor Action; Electric Connections; Effects of Magnetic Saturation and Armature Reaction; Principal Parts such as Brushes, Bearings, Frame, and Rotor; Machine Applications and Ventilation.
    PART 2 (4030B). Operational Characteristics of Shunt-Wound, Series-Wound, and Compound-Wound DC Generators and Motors; Starting and Controlling DC Motors; DC Machine Losses and Efficiency; Load, Temperature, and Speed Ratings; Special DC Machines such as Three-Wire Generators, Voltage Regulators, and Permanent-Magnet Motors.

    Special Notes: Covers subject at an advanced, in-depth level.

    Alternating Current Motors

    Course #: 4032
    Duration: 10 hours
    Course Prerequisites: AC Principles (Block A22); Introduction to Algebra, Geometry, and Trigonometry (Block X02);
    What Students Learn: Principles of Operation of Induction Motors; Polyphase Primaries and Polyphase Secondaries; Squirrel-Cage Rotor, Phase-Wound Rotors; Starting Induction Motors; Squirrel-Cage Motors, Phase-Wound Motors; Performance and Speed Control: Adjustable-Speed Induction Motors; Synchronous Motors; Types, Operation, Theory, and Application; Single-Phase Motors: Types, Operating Characteristics.

    Special Notes: Covers subject at an advanced, in-depth level.

    Alternators

    Course #: 4031
    Duration: 10 hours
    Course Prerequisites: Industrial AC Motors (086052); AC Principles (Block A22);
    What Students Learn: Theory and Parts of Alternators; Alternator Ratings; Operating Characteristics of Alternators; Structural Features of Stator; Stator Core; Stator Windings; Bar Windings; Two-Layer Coil Windings; Structural Features of Rotor; Mechanical and Electrical Details: Collectors and Brush Rigging; Horizontal-Shaft Bearings; Bearing Temperature Relays; Ventilation; Engine-Driven Alternators; Waterwheel-Driven Alternators; Steam Turbo-Alternators; Stator Construction; Rotor Construction; Air Supply; Hydrogen-Filled Generators; Connections of Alternator Winding Field and Armature.

    Special Notes: Covers subject at an advanced, in-depth level.

    Transformers

    Course #: 4040
    Duration: 10 hours
    Course Prerequisites: AC Principles (Block A22);
    What Students Learn: Essential Transformer Properties; Operation Under Load and Without Load; Losses; Voltage Regulation; Rating; Types of Core and Windings; Insulation; Bushings; Tap Changers; Polarity; Single-Phase and Polyphase Transformers; Delta, Star, Open-Delta, and Scott Connections; Special Transformers, Autotransformers, Reactors, Step-Voltage Regulators; Instrument Transformers; Maintenance of Transformers; Design of Small Low-Voltage Transformers.

    Transformer Operation

    Course #: 4041
    Duration: 10 hours
    Course Prerequisites: Transformers (4040); AC Principles (Block A22); Introduction to Algebra, Geometry, and Trigonometry (Block X02);
    What Students Learn: Calculations Pertaining to Transformer Operation; Phasor Diagrams; Equivalent Circuits; Losses; Efficiency; Three-Phase Transformer Connections; Harmonic Currents and Voltages; Parallel Operation of Transformers; Phase Transformation; Regulation of Voltage with Tap Changers and Separate Units; Operation of Autotransformers and Three-Winding Transformers; Testing of Transformers.

    Distribution and Power Transformers

    Course #: 4042
    Duration: 10 hours
    Course Prerequisites: Transformers (4040); AC Principles (Block A22);
    What Students Learn: Distribution Transformer: Core-Form and Shell-Form Transformers; Insulation, Connections, Protective Devices; Types of Distribution Transformers; Air-Core and Iron-Core Reactors, Furnace and Neon-Sign Transformers; Rectifiers, Transformers, and Test Transformers; Power Transformers: Rating, Core Construction, Coil Forms, Bushings, Protection and Temperature Control, Cooling Methods, Oil Protection, Maintenance.

    Rotating Machinery

    Course #: VB11XX
    Duration: 0.68 hours
    What Students Learn: This program is designed to introduce first year students and trainees to the fundamentals of rotating machinery. Vivid computer-generated graphics bring alive the principles of indicators in coils and show the end result of the rotating armature.
    Components: Magnets and Magnetism (VB1101); Electromagnetic Fields (VB1102); Coils, Saturation, and Hysteresis (VB1103);

    Direct Current Generators

    Course #: VB12XX
    Duration: 0.77 hours
    What Students Learn: An in-depth explanation is given to describing the structure of rotating machinery components, including magnetic fields, armature, wiring, along with the various rotating machinery configurations. The information is organized so that it correlates to the most current rotating machinery or electrical curriculums and training programs.
    Components: Basic Parts and Fundamentals (VB1201); Principles of Operation (VB1202); Major Types (VB1203);

    Analog Circuit Measurement

    Course #: Block A23
    Duration: 15 hours
    Course Prerequisites: AC Principles (Block A22); Basic Industrial Math (Block X21);
    What Students Learn: In this three unit block, trainees learn how to use electrical test instruments and measuring techniques. The instruments covered are multimeters, volt-ohm-milliameters (VOMs) and oscilloscopes. Students will learn how to measure voltage, resistance, and current valves is a circuit. Troubleshooting tests on both AC and DC systems including PLC input and output problems are emphasized.
    Components: Basic Test Equipment (086025); Troubleshooting with Volt-Ohm-Milliamp Meters (VOMs) (086026); Using Basic Oscilloscopes (086027);
    Special Notes: This updated course replaces Electrical Measurements and Instruments, Block A03. Each study unit contains a progress examination.

    Basic Test Equipment

    Course #: 086025
    Duration: 5 hours
    Course Prerequisites: AC Principles (Block A22); Basic Industrial Math (Block X21);
    What Students Learn:

  • How to use the multimeter (also known as a volt-ohm-milliameter or VOM).
  • Define the terms voltage, current and resistance, and explain their relationship in a circuit.
  • Discuss how voltage, current and resistance is measured with a multimeter.
  • Identify the schematic symbols used to represent various reactive devices.
  • Describe the major features of analog and digital VOMs.
  • Explain how to use both analog and digital VOMs to measure voltage, resistance and current in a circuit.
  • Learn about the special probes used with a digital VOM.
  • Discuss the important safety precautions you must take when using a multimeter.

  • Troubleshooting with Volt-Ohm-Milliamp Meters (VOMs)

    Course #: 086026
    Duration: 5 hours
    Course Prerequisites: AC Principles (Block A22); Basic Industrial Math (Block X21);
    What Students Learn:

  • Review the functions of a multimeter.
  • Name the safe practices you should use when troubleshooting with a VOM.
  • How to measure circuit resistance.
  • Learn the purpose of, and how to perform, tests for continuity and short circuits.
  • Perform resistance tests on resistors, fuses, solenoids, relays, switches, transformers, motors and semiconductors.
  • How to take basic current measurements on power supplies, AC feeder lines and other such circuit areas.
  • Measure current by using a direct series connection or by using a clamp-type ammeter.
  • How to take basic voltage measurements on both AC and DC systems.
  • Measure the output voltage of a DC power supply and the voltage of an AC feeder line.
  • Measure voltage at disconnect switches, circuit breakers, contactors and transformers.
  • Perform voltage tests on circuit boards, PLC systems and motor circuits.

  • Using Basic Oscilloscopes

    Course #: 086027
    Duration: 5 hours
    Course Prerequisites: AC Principles (Block A22); Basic Industrial Math (Block X21);
    What Students Learn:

  • An introduction to the basic controls and functions of an oscilloscope.
  • Describe the component parts and features of a standard, dual-trace oscilloscope.
  • How to use the front panel controls.
  • How to connect an oscilloscope to a circuit.
  • Learn how to perform low-voltage measurements on circuit boards.
  • Measure the voltage output of a power supply and AC ripple.
  • Describe how to perform measurements in SCR and TRIAC circuits.
  • Test both DC and AC servo motor controller circuits and heater controller circuits.
  • Perform basic scope measurements on digital circuits.
  • Learn how to use an oscilloscope to troubleshoot industrial systems.

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